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Acta Arch. Lovaniensia, Monographiae 12. 2001. 57-69.
The rate at which feedstock is added to the anaerobic digester (AD) reactor has to be adjusted for the growth rate of methanogens bacteria. Increase in biogas yield is as a result of improved mathanogens forming bacteria. Under loading and over loading of feedstock in the AD reactor has effect on methanogens forming bacteria. If more feedstock is added than the bacteria are able to degrade, the process will become acidic. Feedstock has to been fed to the reactor at a uniform rate and volume. If feeding pattern has to change, this must be done gradually so that bacteria can adapt to the new conditions. For optimum biogas yield, required amount of feedstock must be added to the AD reactor. The aim of this research work is to determine the effect of organic loading rate (OLR) on biogas yield from food waste, water hyacinth, cow dung, waste water from abattoir, poultry dropping and pig dung. The experimental set up comprises of single stage and three-stage continuous AD reactors. The same quantity and composition of feedstock were used and this was subjected to a variation of OLR 0.5 kg/m 3 (1.5 kg/m 3 , 2 kg/m 3 , 2.5 kg/m 3 , and 3 kg/m 3). The experiment was conducted within a mesophilic temperature range of 36 0 C-37 0 C, percentage total solid (%TS) of 9.98% and percentage volatile solid (%VS) of 78%. pH meter was used to monitored the daily pH reading of the slurry. It was observed that the quantity of biogas yield from the feedstock increases with increasing organic load rate to the optimum value of 1.5 kg/m 3 and started decreasing above the optimum value for a single stage AD reactor but this was not the case for the three-stages continuous AD reactors that experienced continuous increase in biogas yield with a successive increase in OLR from 1-5 kg/m 3-3.0 kg/m 3 .
Mediators of Inflammation
GJD Modulates Cardiac/Vascular Inflammation and Decreases Blood Pressure in Hypertensive RatsGedan Jiangya decoction (GJD) (aqueous ethanol extract), a traditional Chinese medicine formula which contain six botanical drugs (Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq., Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., Prunella vulgaris L., and Achyranthes bidentata Blume) was designed to treat hypertension; however, the underlying mechanism of action is unclear. This study aimed to determine the mechanisms of action of GJD in the treatment of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Male SHRs were randomly divided into five groups: GJD doses were low (1.36 g/kg/d), medium (2.72 g/kg/d), and high (5.44 g/kg/d), captopril (13.5 mg/kg/d), and SHR groups, with Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) serving as the control. Every rat was gavaged once a day. The ALC-NIBP, a noninvasive blood pressure device, measured systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures. Six weeks following treatment, all rats were anesthetized. The blood samples were obtained fr...
International Political Economy: Trade Policy eJournal
eUCP and Electronic Commerce Investments: e-Signature and Paperless Foreign Trade2015 •
The developments in electronic documents that are seen in recent years suggest that use of paper will be completely abandoned in all business processes after some time. As an advantage of the developments in information systems, the use of electronic documents has become widespread and even compulsory in some applications. Although it is one of the areas where the benefits of electronic documents will be seen, the use of electronic documents in foreign trade has not become so popular. As the paper-based processes still prevail, it seems that there is a need for a radical and comprehensive change in this area. Although a long time has passed after the publication of eUCP, it has not produced the expected effect, which indicates the necessity of introducing new payment methods to replace letters of credit. In this article, a general evaluation was made within the framework of the latest developments and the possible effects of electronic documents on foreign trade were discussed with ...
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions
Spatial Extent of Future Changes in the Hydrologic Cycle Components in Ganga Basin using Ranked CORDEX RCMs2017 •
The negative impacts of climate change are expected to be felt over wide range of spatial scales, ranging from small basins to large watersheds, which can possibly be detrimental to the services that natural water systems provide to the society. The impact assessment of future climate change on hydrologic response is essential for the decision makers while carrying out management and various adaptation strategies in a changing climate. While, the availability of finer scale projections from regional climate models (RCM) has been a boon to study changing climate conditions. These climate models are subjected to large number of uncertainties, which demands a careful selection of an appropriate climate model, however. In an effort to account for these uncertainties and select suitable climate models, a multi-criteria ranking approach is deployed in this study. Ranking of CORDEX RCMs is done based on its ability to generate hydrologic components of the basin, i.e., runoff simulations us...
Journal of Clinical Medicine
Malignant Transformation Rate of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2022 •
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic progressive condition affecting the oral cavity, oropharynx and upper third of the oesophagus. It is a potentially malignant disorder. The authors collated and analysed the existing literature to establish the overall malignant transformation rate (MTR). A retrospective analysis of medical and dental scientific literature using online indexed databases was conducted for the period 1956 to 2021. The quality of the enrolled studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). A meta-analysis using a random effects model of a single proportion was performed along with statistical tests for heterogeneity. The overall proportion of malignancy across all studies was 0.06 (95% CI, 0.02–0.10), indicating an overall 6% risk of malignant transformation across all studies and cohorts. Sub-group analyses revealed strong differences in proportion of malignancy according to ethnicity/cohort; Chinese = 0.02 (95% CI 0.01–0.02), Taiwanese = 0.06 (95% C...
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
A Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System to Overcome Intestinal Resveratrol Toxicity and Presystemic Metabolism2014 •
2017 •
Collaborative Filtering (CF) is one of a popular approach for building Recommender System using information and preference of another users in order to give an items recommendation. One of basic problem in CF is data sparsity, which affect recommendation result. In general, there are two types of algorithm in CF: memory-based and model-based, each methods has a plus and minus for giving recommendation. This research use smoothing and fusing strategy. That’s method is an hybrid approach of memory-based and model-based to solve data sparsity problem. Based on testing result, smoothing strategy can reduce error system which measured by MAE from 2,277 to 0,746 or reducing until 50.62% compared with did not use smoothing and fusing strategy. Furthermore, the sparsity level can affect accuracy. The more sparse data rating owned, then the result accuracy is getting worse. Kata kunci : Collaborative Filtering, Recommender System, Smoothing and Fusing, Data Spasity
1997 •
We present parameters for a 5-TeV-c.m. linear collider that would fit on the proposed Next Linear Co llider (NLC) [1] site and use 34-GHz accelerator structures. Supporting arguments are given for the choice of important parameters, and changes required for each machine section are described. This work should be considered preliminary, as a full 5-TeV upgrade would require extensive study.
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Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology
EhPAK2, a novel p21-activated kinase, is required for collagen invasion and capping in Entamoeba histolytica2006 •
Cybersecurity
Sifu - a cybersecurity awareness platform with challenge assessment and intelligent coach2020 •
2012 •
Engineering Science
Ensemble Classifiers Employed for Spam Review Detection2021 •
Journal of Glaucoma
Central Corneal Thickness Variances Among Different Asian Ethnicities in Glaucoma and Nonglaucoma Patients2018 •
2016 •
Journal of Constructional Steel Research
An empirical component-based model for high-strength bolts at elevated temperatures2018 •
ICMAME 2023 Conference Proceedings
Bearing Fault Detection Scheme Using Machine Learning for Condition Monitoring ApplicationsJournal of Experimental Biology
Cilia density and flow velocity affect alignment of motile cilia from brain cells2020 •
Revista de Dret Històric Català
El canceller de Catalunya, un àrbitre entre jurisdiccions ponderat (segles XVI-XVIII)2022 •