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A bronze saucepan of the type Petrovszky V,1 originates from Burial-mound 12/1976 of the Sladkovskii Burial Ground in the region of Rostov-on-Don, dated after the bronze fibula to the second half of the 1st century AD was manufactured in the first third of the 1st century AD. The outer wall of the saucepan opposite the handle is additionally decorated with a soldered broken off lower attachment of a jug, showing a vertically elongated mask of a man with moustaches, narrowing downside ending below with a circular projection comparable with the handles of some jugs, amphorae and oinochoe from Pompei, Magdalensberg and Nijmegen. It could not be the original attachment of the type with Meduse or Menade heads with rings as on the later Petrovszky V,2 saucepans from Dowalton Loch and Repov and moreover it has no functional use. That means, the only explanation is that that broken off lower attachment of the vessel handle was soldered sometime to the saucepan to decorate it. Further on the possible reason for such a decoration and parallels for the secondary decoration of Roman bronze vessels with elements of other vessels will be discussed. In parallel with the end of the thyrsus, decorating the handle, at the end of it, a half-erased stamp is preserved, which R. Petrovszky, to whom the author expresses sincere gratitude, restores as P (.) OC (T) AV (I) (.?) FELIC (i). The stamp belongs to the Campanian tria-nomina type, whereas the workshop of Octavia worked at the end of the rule of Tiberius and during the reign of Claudius. It cannot be ruled out that the image on the handle attachment soldered to the wall of the saucepan, was perceived by both the donor and the endowed person as an image of the barbarian, the future owner of this item. Given the fact that the jug attachment soldered to the wall of the vessel adorned the Eggers 140 type saucepan, made according to the stamp, in the 30s AD, and also taking into account the fact that such saucepans belonged to the standard equipment of the Roman troops, it is possible that the bucket with additional decoration was a gift from the Roman military commander to one of his barbarian allies during the Bosporan-Roman war of 45–49 AD.
The article deals with gems in the form of prisms with paired images on two sides of each, found in two burials of the 1st– early 2nd centuries AD in Sarmatian burial mounds in the Lower and Middle Don, which belong to a very rare group of works of the Hellenistic and Roman glyptics. The iconography of the images of Hermes, Odysseus or Ajax on two amethyst prisms from a burial mound on the outskirts of Voronezh, as well as a sitting dog with its head thrown back and a star in the image field, on a carnelian prism from the Kobyakovskii burial ground are analyzed in detail. The fact that of the eight prisms known to us – three come from the cemeteries of the Don basin, and two each, which are in the collections of the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and the State Hermitage, originate (Pantikapaion) or may presumably originate from the North Pontic area, is consistent both with the unusual iconography of prisms from the Don region and the style of images on prisms from a burial mound on the outskirts of Voronezh. These observations give certain grounds to associate the works of glyptics under discussion with the North Pontic (Bosporan?) gem-cutting workshops. The proposed attribution is also confirmed by the fact that the custom of decorating jewelry with gems was especially widespread in the North Black Sea region. The above-discussed prisms were treated by their owners as ornaments and amulets, and not as a means for sealing.
В работе публикуются и анализируются пять лепных керамических сосудов, обнаруженных в ходе исследования курганных групп «Сад» и «Водовод» у с. Глиное Слободзейского района на левобережье Нижнего Днестра в 2015 г. и в 2018 г. Две чашки (с налепами на тулове и с загнутым внутрь венчиком) и три кувшина (с возвышающейся над венчиком ручкой) свидетельствуют о фракийском влиянии на скифский керамический комплекс, и, шире, на материальную культуру скифов. Одно из погребений (с лепным кувшином) было совершено на рубеже V-IV вв. до н.э. Три других датируются второй половиной IV в. до н.э. Одно из захоронений содержало две чашки, два других – по одному лепному кувшину. С учётом новых материалов из скифских захоронений на левобережье Нижнего Днестра конца V – II в. до н.э. (курганные группы «Водовод» и «Сад» с погребениями второй половины V – первой трети III в. до н.э., могильник у с. Глиное III-II вв. до н.э.), очевидно, что фракийское влияние на скифскую материальную культуру прослеживается с конца V в. до н.э., при этом со второй половины IV в. до н.э. оно становится значительно более заметным. На это указывают, в том числе, и лепные керамические сосуды. The paper publishes and analyzes five handmade ceramic vessels, discovered during the study of the barrow groups “Garden” and “Sluiceway” near Glinoye village, Slobodzeya district, on the left bank of the Lower Dniester in 2015 and in 2018. Two cups (with bulges on the body and with a curved inside rim) and three jars (with a handle raised above the rim) testify to the Thracian influence on the Scythian ceramic complex, wider, on the material culture of the Scythians. One of the burials (with a jar) was made at the turn of the 5th-4th centuries BC. The other three dates back to the second half of the 4th century BC. One of the burials contained two cups, two others contained one jar. It is obvious that the Thracian influence on the Scythian material culture can be traced from the end of the 5th c. BC, and from the second half of the 4th c. BC it becomes much more noticeable, taking into account new materials from Scythian graves on the left bank of the Lower Dniester of the end of the 5th – 2nd c. BC. (the barrow groups “Sluiceway” and “Garden” with burials of the second half of 5th - the first third of the 3rd c. BC, barrow cemetery near the village of Glinoe of the 3rd-2nd cc. BC). This is indicated, among other things, by handmade ceramic vessels.
The author republishes the Greek inscription on a bronze dipper discovered in a Sarmatian burial in the Rostov region in 1927: ΓΛ / Διαδουμενὸς / χρυσωταῖς / νεωτέροις / νέθηκε οἰκονομοῦντος / Θεοφίλου (ΓΛ (?) Diadoumenos dedicated to the junior guilders under the oikonomos Theophilos). The author suggests that ΓΛ could be a date (year 33) rather than an abbreviation of a name. The second part of the article is devoted to a recently published inscription on a bronze cauldron from the farmstead of Bazki (Volgograd region). The author suggests a different reading and understanding of this document. In his opinion, this is not a proprietary inscription but a bureaucratic record certifying the number of drachmas that might have been kept in this vessel.
The group of barrows called “Glinoe/Orchard” contained the barrow mound No.1 where the catacomb grave (No.11) of a rare type with a set of three dice made of red deer antler tines has been discovered. Before now, only five graves attributed to the Ingul Catacomb Graves Culture containing such gaming paraphernalia were reported. Also, a friable and deliberately burned shaft-hole axe-hammer head made of a volcanic rock found in the grave seems to be rather special for the Middle Bronze Age culture in question. The antler surface modifications may suggest that unusually big dice have been in short use. In the past, in order to engrave symbols on dice, some copper or bronze tool was applied. Key words: the Lower Dniester region, Glinoe, the Middle Bronze Age, the Ingul Catacomb Graves Culture, dice, antler industry, traceology.
2022 •
Among the Greek cities of the Northern Black Sea littoral, the production of relief hemispherical mouldmade bowls has been until recently identified only at several Bosporan centres. In view of the absence of finds of moulds for manufacturing of such vessels, the question of the production of “Megarian” bowls in the Tauric Chersonesos remained open. In 2021, in the course of the rescue archaeological excavations conducted in the Southern Suburbs of Chersonesos, The Rescue Archaeological Expedition of the Institute of the History of Material Culture RAS in cooperation with a team from the State Museum-Preserve “Tauric Chersonese” there was found a fragment of a ceramic mould for manufacture of relief hemispherical bowls of the Bosporan type (Fig. 1, 1). The object is made from a dense ceramic mass with inclusions of glittering particles of mica, some red particles and lime; the colour of the clay varies from light grey (5Y 7/1) to orange (7.5Y 6/6) (Fig. 1, 2–4). This matrix was intended for manufacturing of long-petal bowls characteristic of the Bosporan workshops of the Mithridates’ time. The morphology and ornamentation of the object generally find close parallels among the materials from excavations of Pantikapaion. Finds of bowls of the Bosporan group of relief pottery are rather rare in Chersonesos and its close surroundings. At present, the authors are informed about only nine examples of similar ware (Fig. 2). The closest analogues to the decoration on the mould here published are represented on fragments of a bowl (Fig. 2, 5) from the fortified complex in Berman’s balka (rural house in ancient area 347). Apparently this vessel was manufactured using a matrix or a mould made using the same set of stamps. Thus our find is an evidence of the ma facture of relief mouldmade bowls of the Bosporan type in Chersonesos. Possibly, the initiative for the making of these bowls can have been issued from one of the Bosporan workshops; such an ergasterion quite probably was represented by the Pantikapaion workshop of Demetrios. It cannot be ruled out that some ware now attributed to workshops of Pantikapaion could have been produced at an ergasterion situated in Chersonesos. Like in Bosporos, the manufacture of bowls in Chersonesos probably was taking place in the final 2nd — first decades of the 1st cen. BC when the two centres both were part of the state of Mithridates VI.
Глазурованное блюдо с изображением сэнмурва из раскопок В.И. Сизова // Труды Государственного исторического музея. Выпуск 215. М. 2021. С. 38-46
The small glazed dish with senmurv from the excavations of V.I. Sizov///Глазурованное блюдо с изображением сэнмурва из раскопок В.И. Сизова2021 •
The main objective of the article is the publication of one of the subject of Eastern circle, located on the territory of Gnezdovo by Sizov V.I. in 1885. This vessel was found more 134 years ago and had a long research and restoration way. There is made an attempt to study and interpret the subject of an image in the article. The origins and evolution of the image of senmurv are studied on the example of analogies of fabrics, torevtics objects, architectural elements and small plastic products. The technology of drawing the image, technological mistakes of the master and ways of their correction are also studied. In conclusion the author makes supposition of the possible place of manufacture of this dish and one of the way of full reconstruction is offered.
Stratum plus №3. 2011
I. I. Vdovichenko, G. I. Zhestkova. The Painted Pottery of Tauric Chersonesos (The excavations by K. K. Kostsyushko-Valyuzhinich and R. Ch. Löper). 2011 3Vdovichenko Zhestkova 1 копия2011 •
The paper is the first in a series of publications of ancient painted pottery from Tauric Chersonesos. It considers materials from K. K. Kostsyushko-Valyuzhinich (1888—1907) and R.Ch. Löper (1908—1914) excavation. Rich antiquities collected by K. K. Kostsyushko-Valyuzhinich have not been yet published, except only a few of them. One of the reasons behind this situation is that the artefacts were not tagged due to the untimely death of the researcher. R. Ch. Löper’s painted pottery collection, tagged precisely to concrete archaeological monuments on the territory of the settlement, gives interesting information about its topography and complements our understanding of the dynamics of painted pottery imports to Chersonesos from the late 6th till late 4th century B. C. There are more than 1000 items that have been catalogued and negatives images of the lost artefacts have been found in the archive. Pottery sherds submitted by K. K. Kostsyushko-Valyuzhinich and R. Ch. Löper to the Imperial Archaeological Commission have been studied in the funds of the State Hermitage. Distribution of the finds on territory of the Chersonesos settlement, typology of vessels and depicted themes are analyzed in this paper.
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